The chemical formula of hydrogen peroxide is hydrogen peroxide. Pure hydrogen peroxide is a light blue viscous liquid. It can be mixed with water in any proportion. It is a strong oxidant. Water solution is commonly called hydrogen peroxide and is a colorless transparent liquid. Its aqueous solution is suitable for medical wound disinfection, environmental disinfection and food disinfection. In general, it will decompose into water and oxygen, but the decomposition rate is extremely slow. The way to speed up the reaction rate is to add catalysts such as manganese dioxide or irradiate it with short wave radiation.

Physical property

Hydrogen peroxide solution

Aqueous solution is colourless transparent liquid, soluble in water, alcohol, ether, insoluble in benzene, petroleum ether.

Pure hydrogen peroxide is a light blue viscous liquid with melting point of - 0.43 degree C and boiling point of 150.2 degree C. The molecular configuration of pure hydrogen peroxide will change, so the melting boiling point will change. Solid density at solidification point is 1.71g/cm_and decreases with the increase of temperature. Its association degree is greater than that of hydrogen peroxide, so its dielectric constant and boiling point are higher than that of water. Pure hydrogen peroxide is relatively stable. When heated to 153 C, it is strongly decomposed into water and oxygen.

Hydrogen peroxide has a strong oxidizing effect on organic substances and is generally used as an oxidant.

Chemical property

1. oxidation

Pure hydrogen peroxide

(In oil paintings, lead white [basic lead carbonate] reacts with hydrogen sulfide in the air to produce black lead sulfide, which can be washed with hydrogen peroxide)

(Requires alkaline medium)

2. reducibility

3. In 10% sample solution of 10 ml, add dilute sulfuric acid test solution (TS-241) 5 ml and potassium permanganate test solution (TS-193) 1 ml. Bubbles should occur and the purple red color of potassium permanganate disappears. It is acidic to litmus. It is easy to explode when it comes to organic matter.

4. Sample 1 g (accurate to 0.1 mg), diluted to 250.0 ml with water. The solution was 25 ml, added 10 ml dilute sulfuric acid test solution (TS-241) and titrated with 0.1 mol/L potassium permanganate. 0.1 mol/L per milliliter. Potassium permanganate is 1.70 mg of hydrogen peroxide.

5. Oxygen and water are released from organic matter and thermal decomposition, and react violently with chromic acid, potassium permanganate, metal and carbonate. In order to prevent decomposition, trace stabilizers can be added, such as sodium stannate, sodium pyrophosphate and so on.

6. Hydrogen peroxide is a very weak acid: H_2O_2= (reversible) = H++ HO_2-(Ka=2.4*10-12). So the peroxide of metal can be regarded as its salt.

purpose

The use of hydrogen peroxide can be divided into three kinds: medical, military and industrial. The daily disinfection is medical hydrogen peroxide. Medical hydrogen peroxide can kill intestinal pathogens, pyogenic cocci and pathogenic yeasts. It is generally used for surface disinfection of objects. Hydrogen peroxide has oxidation effect.

Bleaching mechanism of hydrogen peroxide

But the concentration of medical hydrogen peroxide is equal to or less than 3%, wipe the wound surface, there will be burning sensation, the surface is oxidized to white and bubbles, with clean water to clean it, after 3-5 minutes to restore the original skin color.

Chemical industry is used to produce sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium chlorite, thiourea peroxide and other raw materials, tartaric acid, vitamins and other oxidants. The pharmaceutical industry is used as a bactericide, disinfectant, and oxidant for the production of thiram insecticide and 40L antimicrobial agent. The printing and dyeing industry is used as bleaching agent for cotton fabrics, and the dyeing of cotton fabrics with VAT dyes. It is used to remove iron and other heavy metals in the production of metal salts or other compounds. It can also be used in electroplating bath to remove inorganic impurities and improve the quality of plating parts. It is also used for bleaching wool, raw silk, ivory, pulp, fat, etc. High concentration of hydrogen peroxide can be used as rocket power combustion aids.

Civil use: To deal with the odor of kitchen sewer, buy hydrogen peroxide, add water and laundry powder in the pharmacy and pour it into the sewer to decontaminate, disinfect and sterilize.

3% hydrogen peroxide (medical grade) can be used for wound disinfection.